Jupyter notebooks are typically stored as files that contain JSON (JavaScript object notation) data that represents the user’s inputs and outputs, as well as rich metadata that represents core attributes such as the programming language of the notebook, but that is also user extensible. M Pacer, Jess Hamrick, and Damián Avila explain how the structured nature of the notebook document format, combined with native tools for manipulation and creation, allows the notebook to be used across a wide range of domains and applications. They discuss how to read existing notebooks into memory, how to programmatically create notebooks from within Python, and how the nbconvert library leverages this structure in a generic fashion to manipulate notebook contents and convert them to a variety of formats, including HTML, which makes it possible to view any web-addressable notebook via nbviewer. M, Jess, and Damián also offer an overview of other applications that demonstrate even more powerfully the capabilities of the notebook document: Nikola, a tool for building blogs using notebooks; RISE, which enables users to create executable slide shows by building off of the standard notebook interface; and nbgrader, which allows instructors to develop and grade coursework through the notebook.
M Pacer is a Jupyter core developer and a senior notebook engineer at Netflix. Previously, M was a postdoctoral researcher the Berkeley Institute for Data Science (BIDS), focusing on the intersection between Jupyter and scientific publishing. M holds a PhD from UC Berkeley, where their research used machine learning and human experiments to study casual explanation and causal inference, and a BS from Yale University, where their research focused on the role of causal language in evaluating scientific claims.
Jess Hamrick is a PhD candidate at UC Berkeley. Her research studies how people use imagination to solve problems and reason about the world and how to apply those ideas to machine learning and artificial intelligence. Jess is a member of the Jupyter Steering Council and is the lead maintainer of nbgrader, an open source tool for creating and grading assignments in the Jupyter Notebook. She holds a BS and an MEng in computer science from MIT.
Damián Avila is a software development team lead at Anaconda, Inc. A software developer, data scientist, and quantitative analyst from Córdoba, Argentina, his interests include data science, finance, data visualization, and the Jupyter/IPython ecosystem. Damián has made meaningful contributions to several open source projects and is a core developer for popular projects such as Jupyter/IPython, Nikola, and Bokeh. His personal project RISE, a “live” slideshow for the Jupyter Notebook, is quite popular. Damián is a frequent speaker at national and international conferences.
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